Allergology is the branch of medicine dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of conditions caused by abnormal immune system reactions to external substances (allergens). This field also extends to the study of food intolerances which, although presenting with similar symptoms, are not mediated by immunological mechanisms. Accurate diagnosis is the first fundamental step: through specific and reliable blood tests, such as PRIST and RAST measurements, it is possible to precisely identify the agents responsible for the reactions. Understanding the triggering cause allows for the development of a strictly personalized management plan, which may include pharmacological therapies to control symptoms, guidance on avoiding allergen exposure, and targeted dietary approaches in cases of intolerances. The ultimate goal is to reduce the impact of the condition on daily life, prevent severe reactions, and enable the patient to achieve a better quality of life.
